Autism is a complex neurological disorder that affects millions of people around the world. It is characterized by challenges in communication, social interaction, and sensory processing. However, not all individuals with autism experience these challenges in the same way. This has led to the classification of "high-functioning" autism, a term that is often used to describe individuals who have autism but can cope with everyday tasks and have above average intelligence.
At first glance, the term "high-functioning autism" may seem harmless and even complimentary. After all, who wouldn't want to be described as "high-functioning"? However, for those who live with this condition, this label can be extremely offensive and damaging.
First and foremost, the term "high-functioning" implies that there is a clear divide between those with autism who are considered "high-functioning" and those who are not. This creates a false hierarchy within the autism community, creating a "better than, less than" mentality. It suggests that those who are deemed "high-functioning" are somehow more desirable or valuable than those who are not. This is not only inaccurate, but it also perpetuates harmful stereotypes and stigmatization.
Moreover, the term "high-functioning" also implies that those with autism who are considered "high-functioning" do not require support or accommodations. This is simply not true. While individuals with "high-functioning" autism may be able to navigate certain tasks and situations more easily, they still face numerous challenges in their daily lives. These can include difficulty with social cues and communication, sensory overload, and difficulties with organization and executive functioning. By dismissing these challenges and assuming that someone with "high-functioning" autism does not need support, we are invalidating their experiences and downplaying the impact of their condition.
Furthermore, the term "high-functioning" keeps the focus on an individual's abilities rather than their needs. This can be harmful as it leads to a one-dimensional view of autism, where individuals are judged solely based on their outward behavior and functioning level. It overlooks the fact that autism is a spectrum disorder and that individuals with "high-functioning" autism may have different needs and challenges compared to those with "low-functioning" autism.
The use of this term also perpetuates the harmful myth that autism is a linear spectrum, with "high-functioning" at one end and "low-functioning" at the other. In reality, autism is a complex and multifaceted condition, and individuals may experience different levels of functioning throughout their lives. One individual may have excellent verbal skills but significant challenges with sensory processing, while another may struggle with communication but excel in academics. Autism is not a linear scale, and using terms like "high-functioning" only serves to oversimplify and generalize a diverse and complex community.
Moreover, the label of "high-functioning" autism is often used by professionals and the media to distinguish those who are considered "high-functioning" from those who are not. This has led to the misconception that "high-functioning" autism is somehow less severe and requires less support. However, the reality is that individuals with "high-functioning" autism may still face significant barriers and challenges in their daily lives. By downplaying their experiences and needs, we are limiting their access to support and resources.
Additionally, the label of "high-functioning" autism can also be harmful to the individual's sense of identity. As someone who has been diagnosed with "high-functioning" autism, I can attest to the pressure that comes with this label. It can lead to imposter syndrome, where individuals feel like they constantly have to prove their abilities in order to fit into the expectations of society. The pressure to conform to a certain level of functioning can be overwhelming and damaging to one's self-esteem.
So, what term should we use instead of "high-functioning" autism? The answer is simple: person-first language. This means referring to someone as a person with autism rather than an autistic person. This puts the person first, acknowledging that they are more than just their diagnosis. It also avoids using functioning labels altogether.
Instead of focusing on an individual's level of functioning, we should shift our focus to their individual support needs. No two people with autism are the same, and each person will require different types and levels of support. By using person-first language and focusing on individual needs, we can help create a more inclusive and accepting society for those with autism.
In conclusion, the term "high-functioning" autism is offensive and harmful. It perpetuates harmful stereotypes, creates a false hierarchy within the autism community, and downplays the needs and challenges of those with this condition. Let's replace this label with person-first language and shift our focus to supporting and accommodating individuals based on their unique needs, rather than a one-dimensional label. Only then can we create a more inclusive and understanding society for all individuals with autism.